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Debt Examples

Before the Review

Case #1: Mortgage Refinancing


A couple in their early 50’s was referred to us with a goal of retiring in 10 years. If they could pay off their debt, the projected growth on their assets would be enough to provide them with a fixed income to pay for their bills and lifestyle in retirement. If they couldn't pay off the debt, they would need to work part-time to make their debt payments. 


$310,000 House Mortgage: $2,900/month for 17 more years

$150,000 RV Mortgage: $1,100/month for 22 more years

$80,000 HELOC: $500/month interest only

$10,000 Credit Card: $150/month interest only


$4,650/month to service $550,000 of debt. 


By year 10 (the desired retirement age), they would still have: 

  • 7 years of payments left on the house mortgage ($243,000)
  • 12 years of payments left on the RV mortgage ($158,000)
  • $90,000 of HELOC & credit card debt, since they were paying interest only. 


Total debt still owing after year 10: $491,000.

After the Review

A mortgage broker was able to show them a 25-year mortgage for $550,000 at 4.7% interest, making the monthly payment about $3,100 instead of $4,650 (saving $1,550/month). 


This wraps all of the debt into one easy payment ($0 balance owing on the HELOC, credit cards, or RV). 


By year 10, they would owe $402,000 on the mortgage.   


The $1,550/month is redirected to their TFSA to build a "pay off debt quicker" fund, which, at 8% return, would grow to $280,000 by year 10. 


Total debt owing after year 10: $122,000.

 

By repurposing money they already had going out the door each month, using compound interest in their favour instead of against them, in one move, their projected net worth in year one of retirement increased by $369,000. 

Paying Down Unsecured Debt (Case Study)


*Must view on a laptop for proper formatting*


Type of Debt       Balance   Monthly   Minimum   Limit          Interest Rate 

Credit Card #1:   $20,000     $600           $500            $20,000      20%

Credit Card #2:   $7,000       $200           $200            $10,000      25%

Line of Credit:     $3,000       $200           $25              $30,000      10%


Total:                    $30,000     $1,000       $725             $60,000


The three paydown options are a consolidation strategy, snowball strategy or an avalanche strategy. 

Debt Consolidation

Debt Consolidation

Debt Consolidation

 Use the available line of credit limit to pay off the two credit cards. 


The debt amount remains at $30,000, but is all in one place at a lower interest rate. 


The minimum payment is now about $250 instead of $725 each month, which substantially increases the percentage of your $1,000/month that goes to principle pay down rather than interest. 

Debt Snowball

Debt Consolidation

Debt Consolidation

 Arrange the debts from smallest balance to highest balance. 


Put everything down to the minimum payment except for the lowest balance.


$1,000 - $500 to card #1 - $200 to card #2 leaves $300/month to put towards the $3,000 line of credit balance.


Once this $3,000 is paid off, repurpose the $300/month towards the $7,000 credit card (creating a snowball effect).  

Debt Avalanche

Debt Consolidation

Debt Avalanche

 Prioritize paying off the debt with the higher interest rate first. 


Minimum payments on card #1 ($500)

Minimum payments on the LOC ($25)


$1,000 - $500 - $25 = $475


Even though the minimum payment on the $7,000 credit card is only $200, the avalanche strategy suggests using all $475 towards paying down this card since it has the highest interest rate at 25%.

Before the Review

Before the Review

Before the Review

Consumer Proposal (Story A)


  • A couple in their mid-40's


  • $130,000 in credit card debt


  • $3,300/month in debt payments


  • Only paying minimums 


  • Paycheck to paycheck


  • Unsure how to ever pay it down

 

  • Minimal retirement plan.

After the Review

Before the Review

Before the Review

  • Negotiated down to a 60-month payment plan of $900/month.


  • Debt fully cleared after 60 months.  


  • $3,300 - $900 = $2,400/month in reduced expenses.


  • Repurposed $1,400/month to a "saving for spending" account so they never rely on credit cards again. 


  • Repurposed the remaining $1,000/month to an investment plan for retirement. 


  • At an 8% return on the new investment, they would accumulate $337,000 by age 60 or $569,000 by age 65. 

Before the Review

Before the Review

Before the Review

Consumer Proposal (Story B)


  • A couple in their late-20's


  • $110,000 in line of credit & credit card debt


  • $2,100/month in debt payments


  • Only paying minimums 


  • Going backwards each month.

After the Review

Before the Review

Before the Review

  • Negotiated down to a 60-month payment plan of $500/month.


  • Debt fully cleared after 60 months.  


  • $2,100 - $500 = $1,600/month in reduced expenses to move them back into a positive cash flow position.


  • Building an emergency fund and saving for bigger goals (i.e. house, children & retirement) went from a pipe dream to a possibility. 

Things to Know When Considering a Consumer Proposal

Pros

Pros

Pros

  • Debt Reduction: you can negotiate to repay your unsecured debt. 


  • Avoids Bankruptcy: which can carry a heavier stigma and worse long-term credit consequences than a consumer proposal.


  • Legal Protection from Creditors: once filed, a proposal creates a stay of proceedings, which means creditors can’t sue you, garnish your wages, or call you for collections.


  • Fixed Monthly Payments: fixed payments can make it easier to budget. The total repayment amount is agreed upon at the outset.


  • Retaining your Assets: unlike bankruptcy, you may not have to surrender your home, car, or investments when you file a proposal.


  • No Interest Accrues: once the proposal is filed, no further interest is charged on your debts. 

Cons

Pros

Pros

  • Credit Score Impact: it stays on your credit report for three years after completion (or six years from the date of filing, whichever is earlier).


  • Not All Debts Are Included: only unsecured debts (like credit cards, lines of credit, and payday loans) are included. Secured debts (like mortgages, car loans) are not.


  • Public Record: although not easily searchable by the general public, like bankruptcies, consumer proposals are filed with the government and are accessible in a public database. 


  • Creditor Approval Required: creditors holding the majority of your debt (in dollar value) must vote to accept the proposal.


  • Fees Built Into the Payment: Licensed Insolvency Trustee fees are included in your payments, reducing the amount available to pay down your debts.


  • Can Be Longer Than Bankruptcy: a typical consumer proposal lasts up to five years, while a first-time bankruptcy can be discharged in as little as nine months. 

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Cooper Allen

cooper@cooperallen.ca

705-796-7947

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